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The Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) Envelope protein (E protein) is a critical structural component of the JEV, a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes Japanese encephalitis, a serious viral brain infection prevalent in Asia and the Western Pacific. The E protein is responsible for mediating viral attachment and entry into host cells by binding to cellular receptors and facilitating membrane fusion. It is also the primary target for the host immune response, eliciting the production of neutralizing antibodies that are crucial for protective immunity. Due to its significant role in the viral life cycle and immunogenicity, the E protein is a focal point in the development of vaccines and diagnostic tests. Current vaccines against JEV, such as the inactivated Vero cell-derived vaccine, target the E protein to induce robust immune responses. Understanding the structure and function of the JEV Envelope protein is essential for advancing vaccine development, improving diagnostic methods, and creating novel antiviral therapies to combat Japanese encephalitis.
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