Erbium trioxide is an important rare earth metal used in biomedicine. It is used as a gate dielectric in semi conductor devices since it has a high dielectric constant and a large band gap; as a burnable neutron poison for nuclear fuel and as coloring for glasses. Erbium oxide nanoparticles can be surface modified for distribution into aqueous and non-aqueous media for bioimaging due to its photoluminescence property.

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