생리활성 저분자

Nile red is used to localize and quantitate lipids, particularly neutral lipid droplets within cells. Nile red is almost nonfluorescent in water and other polar solvents but undergoes fluorescence enhancement and large absorption and emission blue shifts in nonpolar environments (Excitation/emission...

For the study of cathepsin D trafficking in cells by fluorescence microscopy, try our BODIPY FL pepstatin A. This green-fluorescent probe, which inhibits cathepsin D in vitro (IC50 ∼50 nM), targets cathepsin D within lysosomes of live cells.

Brefeldin A는 세포내 단백질 운반 억제제입니다. Brefeldin A와 함께 세포를 배양하면 골지 복합체(GC)로의 단백질 운반이 차단되고 단백질이 소포체(ER)에 축적됩니다. 세포의 시험관 내(in vitro) 활성화의 마지막 몇 시간 동안 Brefeldin A를 첨가하면 세포내 사이토카인의 검출 능력이 향상됩니다. Brefeldin A는 대부분의 생쥐 및 인간 세포내 사이토카인의 검출 능력을 높이는데 효과적이지만, 연구자의 특정 분석 시스템에서 있어 모네신과 같은 다른 단백질 운반 억제제와 Brefeldin A의 유용성...

With its nonpolar structure and long-wavelength absorption and fluorescence, BODIPY™ 505/515 can be used as a stain for netural lipids and as a tracer for oil and other nonpolar lipids. To make a concentrated stock solution from 1–5 mM, dissolve in either high quality anhydrous DMSO or 100% ethanol.

Muscimol is a powerful agonist of the GABAA receptor and has been widely used to reversibly inactivate localized groups of neurons. The BODIPY TMR-X muscimol conjugate, can be used, in place of radioactive reagents and methods, to map the distribution of muscimol in the nervous system, as well as to...

The cell-impermeant fluorescein-5-(and-6)-sulfonic acid can be used as a non-fixable polar tracer to investigate fusion, lysis and gap-junctional communication.

The polyanionic dye ANTS is often used in combination with the cationic quencher DPX (X1525) for membrane fusion or permeability assays, including complement-mediated immune lysis. The unusually high Stokes shift of ANTS in water (>150 nm) separates this from much of the autofluorescence of...

Bis-ANS is superior to 1-8-ANS as a probe for nonpolar cavities in proteins, often binding with an affinity that is orders-of-magnitude higher. Anilinonaphthalene sulfonates (ANS) are essentially nonfluorescent in water, only becoming appreciably fluorescent when bound to membranes.

Ionomycin is an effective Ca2+ ionopohre that is commonly used to both modify intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and to calibrate fluorescent Ca2+ indicators when studying the regulatory properties of Ca2+ in cellular processes.

Latrunculin A disrupts microfilament organization in cultured cells by binding to monomeric G-actin in a 1:1 complex at submicromolar concentrations. Its physiological effects include inhibition of fertilization, early embryological development and phagocytic internalization of immune complexes.

The Ca2+ ionophore A-23187 is commonly used for in situ calibrations of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators, to equilibrate intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ concentrations and to permit Mn2+ to enter the cell to quench intracellular dye fluorescence.

BODIPY™ FL vancomycin, which contains a single BODIPY™ dye per vancoymycin molecule, is a green-fluorescent analog of this important antibiotic, which is active against gram-positive bacteria, including entereococci.

TMA-DPH contains a cationic trimethylammonium substitute that acts as a surface anchor to improve the localization of the fluorescent probe of membrane interiors, DPH.

Intracellular calibration of the fluorescence response of cytosolic pH indicators is typically performed using the K+/H+ ionophore nigericin, which causes equilibration of intracellular and extracellular pH in the presence of a depolarizing concentration of extracellular K+.

모넨신은 세포내 단백질 운반 억제제입니다. 모넨신과 함께 세포를 배양하면 골지 복합체(GC)로의 단백질 운반이 차단되고 단백질이 소포체(ER)에 축적됩니다. 세포의 시험관 내(in vitro) 활성화의 마지막 몇 시간 동안 모넨신을 첨가하면 세포내 사이토카인의 검출 능력이 향상됩니다. 모넨신은 대부분의 생쥐 및 인간 세포내 사이토카인의 검출 능력을 높이는데 효과적이지만, 연구자의 특정 분석 시스템에서 브레펠딘 A와 같은 다른 단백질 운반 억제제와 이 시약의 유용성 및 효능을 비교하여 평가할 것을 권장합니다.