Endogenous control genes, also called housekeeping genes, are an essential component of relative gene expression experiments. A housekeeping gene has expression levels that are relatively constant and moderately abundant across tissues, cell types, and treatment protocols. Normalizing observed gene expression changes to an endogenous control facilitates the resolution of potential biases caused by:

  • Sample collection
  • Variation in the amount of starting material
  • Reverse transcription (RT) efficiency
  • Nucleic acid (RNA/DNA) preparation and quality
TaqMan endogenous control products: tube, tube rack, and product box


Selecting an endogenous control or housekeeping gene

Selecting an appropriate endogenous control assay for gene expression is a crucial step in quantitative PCR experiments, as no single gene can universally serve as an endogenous control across all experimental conditions. It is recommended to verify the chosen housekeeping gene or set of housekeeping genes for the specific sample tissue, cell type, or treatment protocol being used.

Learn more: How to select endogenous controls for real-time PCR

TaqMan endogenous control assays, provided by Thermo Fisher Scientific, are a comprehensive collection of assays targeting housekeeping genes commonly employed in gene expression studies. These assays are designed to produce stable and reliable expression levels, thereby facilitating accurate normalization of gene expression data. Researchers can utilize tools such as the TaqMan endogenous control selection tool to identify the most suitable endogenous controls for experiments, helping ensure robust and reproducible results. Use the assay search tool below to perform a more thorough search for all assays targeting a certain gene or use the Bioz powered endogenous control selection tool to see what scientists have used for similar applications.

Search endogenous control assays


Endogenous control selection tool

Use this tool to help identify potential housekeeping genes by seeing which endogenous controls peers have successfully used for similar applications

  • Begin by selecting a disease or gene for the query, which can be as general (e.g., “cancer”) or as specific (e.g., “mature B-cell neoplasm”) as desired.
  • The search results will display published research articles related to the chosen disease research term.
  • Snippets of text for each article will include TaqMan Assay IDs used in the respective study. Clicking on the actively linked assay ID will provide access to full product details.
  • Results can be filtered by gene, assay ID, tissue, and species
  • Utilize the toggle on the right to display either “All Assays” or “Endogenous Controls.”
  • Click the “Export” button above the list of filtered assay IDs to compile them into an Excel or CSV format
  • To compile a list of publications associated with the search parameters into an Excel or CSV format, click the “Export” button located in the lower right corner above the publication list.


TaqMan endogenous control array plates and cards

If there is uncertainty regarding which endogenous control is most accurate for a specific experiment, candidates can be tested in an easy and economical manner using TaqMan arrays. Thermo Fisher Scientific offers endogenous control panels in standard 96-well array plates, fast 96-well array plates, and TaqMan array cards. These arrays can be purchased individually, providing flexibility to test as few or as many samples as needed. Once the candidate gene with the lowest variation is identified from the array data, the individual TaqMan endogenous control assay for that gene can be purchased for the final experiment.

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TaqMan endogenous control resources

For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.